International cricket
| International Cricket Council |
|---|
 |
| ICC Events |
| ICC Rankings |
| ICC Awards |
International cricket matches are played between the teams representing their nations, administrated by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The main forms are Test matches, One Day (ODI) matches and Twenty20 (T20I) matches.
Most games are played as part of "tours" when one nation travels to another for a number of weeks or months and plays a number of matches of various sorts against the host nation. World Cups featuring several countries at once, are organized by the ICC. The ICC is also responsible for cricket games played at multi-sport events such as Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, African Games, Asian Games, South Asian Games and Pacific Games.
In addition to ICC's administration, there are also five regional bodies, Asian Cricket Council (ACC), Africa Cricket Association (ACA), ICC Europe, ICC Americas and ICC East Asia-Pacific which aim to promote the sport of cricket in their respective regions.
History
[edit]
There was no formal structure for international cricket until the early 20th century.[1] In 1744, the Laws of Cricket were codified for the first time and then amended with new additions such as lbw and middle stump. The Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), founded in 1787; immediately became the custodian of the Laws and has made periodic revisions and recodifications subsequently.[2] The first international match was contested in 1844 between teams representing the United States and Canada, at St George's Cricket Club in New York.[3] The ICC founded in 1909 as the Imperial Cricket Conference,[4] overtook the governance of international cricket since, although the Laws of Cricket have remained under the governance of the MCC.[5]
Tours
[edit]
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Most Test, ODI and T20I matches take place in the form of "tours".[6] Test series can last from two to six matches, but some tours consist of only a single Test.[7] Six-match series were common in the 1970s and early 1980s, with the last six-match series to date taking place in 1997–98 season between the West Indies and England.[8] The Ashes in England were six-match Test series between 1981 and 1997, but Australia reverted to five matches in its home series from 1982 to 1983.[9] ODI series generally last from three to seven matches.[10] T20I series last from one to five matches.[11] Tours may include a multi-team one-day tournament, often referred to as a "triangular" or "quadrangular" tournament.[12]
Sometimes, a perpetual trophy is awarded to the winning team. Some notable perpetual trophies include:
- Anthony de Mello Trophy (IND v ENG in India)[13]
- The Ashes (AUS v ENG)[14]
- Basil D'Oliveira Trophy (ENG v SA)[15]
- Benaud–Qadir Trophy (AUS v PAK)[16]
- Border–Gavaskar Trophy (AUS v IND)[17]
- Chappell–Hadlee Trophy (AUS v NZ)[18]
- Clive Lloyd Trophy (WIN v ZIM)[19]
- Crowe–Thorpe Trophy (NZ v ENG)[20]
- Frank Worrell Trophy (WIN v AUS)[21]
- Freedom Trophy (IND v SA)[22]
- Pataudi Trophy (ENG v IND in England)[23]
- Richards–Botham Trophy (ENG v WIN)[24]
- Sir Vivian Richards Trophy (SA v WIN)[25]
- Sobers–Tissera Trophy (WIN v SL)[26]
- Southern Cross Trophy (AUS v ZIM)[27]
- Tangiwai Shield (NZ v SA)[28]
- Trans-Tasman Trophy (AUS v NZ)[29]
- Warne–Muralitharan Trophy (AUS v SL)[30]
ICC Future Tours Programme
[edit]The "ICC Future Tours Programme" (FTP) is a schedule of international cricket tours and tournaments which structure the programme of cricket events for ICC full members, with an objective of each team playing each other at least once at home and once away over a period of 10 years known as the "Ten Year Plan". If the cricket boards of two individual countries reach an agreement, they can play more than two series. If a team does not want to travel to a particular country for a bilateral series due to security reasons, then, by the mutual agreement of the respective boards, that series can be shifted to a neutral venue such as United Arab Emirates or any other country where the facilities are deemed adequate.[31][32][33][34]
International competitions
[edit]ICC competitions
[edit]The main international competitions organized by ICC are ICC World Test Championship, Cricket World Cup, ICC Champions Trophy and Men's T20 World Cup for men's, Women's Cricket World Cup, Women's T20 World Cup and ICC Women's Champions Trophy for women's, and Under-19 Men's Cricket World Cup and Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup for Under-19 teams.
| Format | Competition | Latest edition | Current champions | Next edition | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men's competitions | |||||
| Test | ICC World Test Championship | 2021–2023:  |
 Australia |
2023–2025: |
[35] |
| ODI | Cricket World Cup | 2023:  |
Australia |
2027:    |
[36] |
| ICC Champions Trophy | 2017:  |
 Pakistan |
2025:  |
[37] | |
| T20I | Men's T20 World Cup | 2024:   |
India |
2026:  |
[38] |
| FC | ICC Intercontinental Cup | 2015–2017 | Defunct | ||
| Women's competitions | |||||
| WODI | Women's Cricket World Cup | 2022:  |
Australia |
2025: [a] |
[39] |
| WT20I | Women's T20 World Cup | 2024: |
New Zealand |
2026: |
[40] |
| ICC Women's Champions Trophy | — | — | 2027: |
[41] | |
| Under-19 competitions | |||||
| Y-ODI | Under-19 Men's Cricket World Cup | 2024: |
Australia |
2026: |
[42] |
| T20 | Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup | 2023: |
India |
2025:  |
[43] |
- ^ India and an yet unidentified 'neutral' venue will host the 2025 women's tournament.
ICC qualifying competitions
[edit]
ACC competitions
[edit]The Asia Cup and the Women's Asia Cup are the only two non-ICC competitions to be featured in the ICC Future Tours Programme.[44][45]
| Format | Competition | Latest edition | Current champions | Next edition | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ODI / T20I | Asia Cup | 2023: |
India |
2025: |
|
| WT20I | Women's Asia Cup | 2024: |
Sri Lanka |
2026 |
Other competitions
[edit]| Format | Competition | Latest edition | Current champions | Next edition | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summer Olympic Games | |||||
| T20I | Men's | 1900:  |
 Great Britain |
2028: |
|
| WT20I | Women's | — | — | 2028: |
|
| Commonwealth Games | |||||
| List A | Men's | 1998: |
Defunct | ||
| WT20I | Women's | 2022: |
Defunct | ||
| Asian Games | |||||
| T20I | Men's | 2022:  |
India |
TBA | |
| WT20I | Women's | 2022: |
India |
TBA | |
| Pacific Games | |||||
| T20I | Men's | 2019:  |
Defunct | ||
| WT20I | Women's | 2019: |
Defunct | ||
| South Asian Games | |||||
| T20I | Men's | 2019:  |
 Bangladesh |
2025: |
|
| WT20I | Women's | 2019: |
Bangladesh |
2025: |
|
| African Games | |||||
| T20I | Men's | 2023:  |
Zimbabwe |
TBA | |
| WT20I | Women's | 2023: |
Zimbabwe |
TBA | |
ICC International rankings
[edit]Test rankings
[edit]In essence, after every Test series, the two teams involved receive points based on a mathematical formula. The total of each team's points total is divided by the total number of matches to give a 'rating', and the Test-playing teams are by order of rating (this can be shown in a table).[46]
From 2002 to 2019, the top-ranked Test team was awarded with the ICC Test Championship mace and the top team at each 1 April cut-off (until 2019) was also awarded a cash prize, the winners of which are listed below. The mace is now awarded to the winners of the ICC World Test Championship.
The following table shows the test mace won by each team:
| Team | Test Mace Awarded |
|---|---|
| Australia
|
9 (2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2016) |
| India
|
5 (2010, 2011, 2017, 2018, 2019) |
| South Africa
|
3 (2013, 2014, 2015) |
| England
|
1 (2012) |
| Reference: ICC[47] | |
ODI rankings
[edit]The ICC Men's ODI Team Rankings were created, and are run, by the ICC for reasons similar to the Test Rankings. The rankings are simply an international ranking scheme overlaid on the regular ODI (One Day International) match schedule. After every ODI match, the two teams involved receive points based on a mathematical formula. The total of each team's points total is divided by the total number of matches to give a rating, and all teams are ranked on a table in order of rating.[48] The ranking does not replace the World Cup; the latter still carries much more significance to most cricket fans.
The ranking consisted two separate tables until merged into a single table in 2018. The ten ICC Full Members that play Test cricket were automatically listed on the main table while the six Associate Members with One Day International status were listed on a secondary table, but are eligible for promotion to the main table by meeting certain criteria.[49]
T20I rankings
[edit]As with the Test and ODI Rankings, the ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings are an international Twenty20 ranking system run by the ICC. It is simply a ranking scheme overlaid on the regular T20I match schedule.[50] After every T20I match, the two teams involved receive points based on a mathematical formula. The total of each team's points total is divided by the total number of matches to give a rating, and all teams are ranked on a table in order of rating.[51][52] This ranking does not replace the ICC World Twenty20 competition.
References
[edit]- ^ "History of the International Cricket Council". Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
- ^ "Laws of Cricket". web.archive.org. 29 August 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "19th Century Cricket". International Cricket Council. Dubai. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
- ^ icc. "About ICC Cricket | International Cricket Council". icc. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "About the Laws of Cricket | MCC". www.lords.org. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ icc. "About ICC Cricket | International Cricket Council". icc. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "Test matches | Team records | List of series results". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ England tour of West Indies at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ The Ashes, teams series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "ODI matches | Team records | List of series results". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "T20I matches | Team records | List of series results". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "Pakistan to host tri-series ahead of Champions Trophy 2025: Which teams will be a part of it? | Sporting News India". www.sportingnews.com. 15 March 2024. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Anthony de Mello Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ The Ashes, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Basil D'Oliveira Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Benaud–Qadir Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Border–Gavaskar Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Chappell–Hadlee Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Clive Lloyd Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Crowe–Thorpe Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ The Frank Worrell Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Freedom Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Pataudi Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Botham–Richards Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Sir Vivian Richards Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Sobers/Tissera Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Southern Cross Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Tangiwai Shield, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Trans-Tasman Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ Warne–Muralitharan Trophy, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "CricSceheduleICC – Future Tour Programs". Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ^ "Future Tours Program adopted, ICC events discussions to continue in April". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ "ICC Future Tours Program conforms to guidelines provided by players' representatives". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ "FAQs: How will the bidding process work for the next ICC cycle?". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
- ^ ICC World Test Championship, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ ICC World Cup, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ ICC Champions Trophy (ICC KnockOut), team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ ICC Men's T20 World Cup, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ Women's World Cup, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ ICC Women's T20 World Cup, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ "ICC announces expansion of women's global cricket tournaments in next cycle of events". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ Under-19s World Cup, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ ICC Women's Under-19 T20 World Cup, team series results at ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ "2023–2027 ICC Men's FTP" (PDF). ICC Men's Future Tours Programme. 4. International Cricket Council. 17 August 2022 – via ESPNcricinfo.
- ^ "2025–2029 ICC Women's FTP" (PDF). ICC Women's Future Tours Programme. 2. International Cricket Council. 4 November 2024 – via International Cricket Council.
- ^ "Reliance ICC Test Team Rankings – frequently asked questions" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 October 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ^ "A retrospective: How the mace has changed hands". icc-cricket.com. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
- ^ "Reliance ICC One-Day International Team Rankings -frequently asked questions" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ^ "Associate & Affiliate Rankings". Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ^ "Twenty20 rankings launched with England on top". Retrieved 24 October 2011.
- ^ "David Richardson previews the release of the Reliance ICC T20I Rankings". Retrieved 24 October 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Reliance ICC T20 International Team Rankings – frequently asked questions" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 October 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
External links
[edit]
