Jump to content

Kevin Trudeau

Checked
Page protected with pending changes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from MegaMemory)

Kevin Trudeau
Trudeau in 2022
Trudeau in 2022
Born1962 or 1963 (age 61–62)
NationalityAmerican
Occupations
  • Author
  • television personality
Known for
Spouses
  • Oleksandra Polozhentseva
  • Kristine Dorow
    (m. 2007, annulled)
  • Natalya Babenko
    (m. 2008; ann. 2022)
Criminal charge

Kevin Trudeau (/trˈd/; born 1962 or 1963)[1] is an American author, salesman, television personality, and convicted felon,[2] known for promotion of his books and resulting legal cases involving the US Federal Trade Commission. His late-night infomercials, which promoted unsubstantiated health, diet, and financial advice, earned him a fortune but resulted in civil and criminal penalties for fraud, larceny, and contempt of court.

In the early 1990s, Trudeau was convicted of larceny and credit card fraud. In 2007, he was accused of grossly misrepresenting the contents of his book, The Weight-Loss Cure "They" Don't Want You to Know About. In a 2004 settlement, he agreed to pay a $500,000 fine and cease marketing all products except his books, which are protected under the First Amendment.[3] In 2011, he was fined $37.6 million for violating the 2004 settlement, and ordered to post a $2 million bond before engaging in any future infomercial advertising.[4][5][6]

In 2013, facing consequences for non-payment of the $37 million judgment, Trudeau filed for bankruptcy protection.[7] His claims of insolvency were challenged by FTC lawyers, who maintained that he was hiding money in shell companies, and cited examples of continued lavish spending, such as $359 for a haircut.[8] In November 2013, Trudeau was convicted of criminal contempt,[9][10] and was sentenced to 10 years in federal prison in March 2014.[11][12] The Chicago Tribune reported in April 2014 that infomercials starring Trudeau and promoting his books continued to air regularly on United States television stations even though he was in jail at the time.[13] Trudeau left federal custody in 2022 after 8 years, after which the FTC continued to pursue the unpaid $37 million fine.[14]

Early life

[edit]

Trudeau grew up in Lynn, Massachusetts, the adopted son of Robert and Mary Trudeau. His birth mother was Jewish.[15] He attended St. Mary's High School in Lynn, where he was voted "Most Likely to Succeed" by the class of 1981.[1]

Career

[edit]

After high school Trudeau became a used car salesman, then joined the seminar circuit, selling memory improvement techniques. In 1990 he pleaded guilty to depositing $80,000 in worthless checks and impersonating a physician, but served, he said, fewer than 30 days. In 1991, he pleaded guilty to 11 counts of credit card fraud and spent two years in federal prison.[16]

After his release in 1993, Trudeau joined a multi-level marketing firm, Nutrition for Life. The firm was successful until the Attorney General of Illinois charged that it was running a pyramid scheme. Trudeau and Nutrition for Life settled cases brought by the state of Illinois, and seven other U.S. states, for US$185,000.[16][17][18][19][clarification needed]

Next, Trudeau produced and appeared in a series of late-night television infomercial broadcasts throughout North America. They promoted a range of products, including health aids, dietary supplements (such as coral calcium), baldness remedies, addiction treatments, memory-improvement courses, reading-improvement programs, and real estate investment strategies. The FTC took regulatory action against Trudeau, alleging that his broadcasts contained unsubstantiated claims and misrepresentations. In 1998, he was fined. In 2004, he settled a contempt-of-court action arising out of the same cases by agreeing to a settlement that included both payments of a $2 million fine and a ban on further use of infomercials to promote any product other than publications protected by the First Amendment.[20][21][non-primary source needed]

In 2004, Trudeau began writing books and promoting them with infomercials in the U.S. The first book he published was a medical guide titled Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About, which was published in 2005. The book was criticized for containing no natural cures.[22][23] Trudeau claimed he was not able to include them because of threats by the FTC.[24] The book became a bestseller selling 5 million copies.[25]

Two years later, Trudeau published a second medical book titled More Natural Cures Revealed: Previously Censored Brand Name Products That Cure Disease. According to Trudeau, the book identifies brand name products that will cure myriad illnesses. Trudeau's books claim that animals in the wild rarely develop degenerative conditions like cancer or Alzheimer's disease, and that many diseases are caused not by viruses or bacteria, but rather by an imbalance in vital energy.[citation needed] Science writer Christopher Wanjek critiqued and rejected many of these claims in his July 25, 2006 LiveScience.com health column.[24]

Trudeau went on to publish The Weight-Loss Cure "They" Don't Want You to Know About and Debt Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About.[26] His writing has been commercially successful although not factual. In September 2005, Natural Cures was listed in the New York Times as the number-one-selling nonfiction book in the United States for 25 weeks.[27]

Trudeau launched a self-titled Internet radio talk show in February 2009 which also aired on several small radio stations consisting of mostly brokered programming.[citation needed]

Personal life

[edit]

Trudeau has been married at least three times. His first wife was Oleksandra Polozhentseva, a Ukrainian immigrant.[27] His second union, in 2007, was to Kristine Dorow, a Norwegian student whom he met in London, ended in annulment after four months. In 2008, he married Natalya Babenko, another Ukrainian, who filed for marriage annulment based on fraud and had it granted by Los Angeles Superior Court in November 2022.[28]

Publications

[edit]

Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About

[edit]

In 2004, Trudeau self-published his book Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About, in which he made a number of unsubstantiated claims—for example, that sunlight does not cause cancer, sunscreen is one of the major causes of skin cancer, and that AIDS was a hoax devised as an excuse to stimulate medication usage.[29] Trudeau further suggested—again without documentation—that various "natural cures" for serious illnesses, including cancer, herpes, arthritis, AIDS, acid reflux disease, various phobias, depression, obesity, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, lupus, chronic fatigue syndrome, attention deficit disorder, and muscular dystrophy, had been deliberately hidden from the public by the Food and Drug Administration, the Federal Trade Commission, and the major food and drug companies.[30]

In one widely quoted example, he asserted that the University of Calgary had developed a "natural" diabetes treatment, then quashed its data, fearing reprisals from the pharmaceutical industry.[29] (A spokesman for the school told ABC News that "there have been no human studies conducted at the University of Calgary in the past 20 years on herbal remedies for diabetes." The university later sent Trudeau a "cease and desist" letter, ordering him to stop using its name.[31])

Rose Shapiro cited Natural Cures as a prime example in her book, Suckers: How Alternative Medicine Makes Fools of Us All.[23]

Natural Cures sold briskly due to an aggressive infomercial promotion. Quackwatch and other internet watchdog sites cautioned that the infomercial itself was "misleading".[32] In a 2005 public warning from the New York State Consumer Protection Board, CPB Chairman Teresa A. Santiago cautioned that Natural Cures contained no actual cures, only "speculation". Cures were promised, but only by subscribing to Trudeau's newsletter or website at $71.40 per year or $499 for a "lifetime membership". The paid sites contained only additional, similarly unsubstantiated speculation, according to the CPB.[22]

The Chicago Tribune also noted that a purported back-cover endorsement by former FDA commissioner Herbert Ley—who died three years before the book was written—was actually an excerpt from a 35-year-old New York Times interview.[33]

More Natural Cures Revealed

[edit]

Following Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About, Trudeau released a second medical guide two years later. His second book, More Natural Cures Revealed: Previously Censored Brand Name Products That Cure Disease, was self-published as well.[24]

The book is a similar publication to his first, where he purports to explain why drug and food companies hide the truth about how their products can cause disease.[34] In More Natural Cures Revealed, Trudeau writes that workers at the FDA and FTC want to censor him and, figuratively, burn his books. Though the book received negative comments from some reviewers, it received average ratings on both Amazon and GoodReads.com.[34][35]

The Weight Loss Cure "They" Don't Want You to Know About

[edit]

In April 2007, Trudeau released The Weight Loss Cure "They" Don't Want You to Know About. The book describes a weight loss plan originally proposed by British endocrinologist ATW Simeons in the 1950s involving injections of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The diet was criticized in 1962 by the Journal of the American Medical Association as hazardous to human health and a waste of money.[36]

In 1976, the FTC ordered clinics and promoters of the Simeons Diet and hCG to inform prospective patients that there had been no "substantial evidence" to conclude hCG offered any benefit above that achieved on a restricted calorie diet. Clinical research trials published by the Journal of the American Medical Association and the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition[37] have shown that hCG is ineffective as a weight-loss aid, citing "no statistically significant difference in the means of the two groups" and that hCG "does not appear to enhance the effectiveness of a rigidly imposed regimen for weight reduction."[citation needed]

The FTC filed a contempt-of-court action against Trudeau alleging that the alleged misrepresentations in the book violate a 2004 consent order.[38][39]

Debt Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About

[edit]

Debt Cures was published in 2007 and has been marketed on television. Chuck Jaffee, a columnist at CBS MarketWatch, stated: "Truth be told, most of the information (in the book) is readily available in personal finance columns you can find online or in books that are readily available in your local library." Trudeau says that if readers disagree with items on their credit reports, they can dispute them as identity theft; this was the "magic cure" of the book's title.[40]

Your Wish Is Your Command

[edit]

Published in 2009, the product says it gives tools on how to use the Law of Attraction to manifest readers' desires. The packaging also says it contains key links to using the Law of Attraction that are missing in other publications. Among the claims made in the related infomercial is Trudeau's assertion to have virtually flunked out of high school.[41] He also says he was "taken in" by a mysterious group called "The Brotherhood" that taught him the secrets that he is now widely announcing in his book. There is also an invitation to join the now-defunct "Global Information Network," an "exclusive group of highly influential, affluent, and freedom-orientated [sic] people" (see below).[42] The network operated out of the Caribbean island Nevis and employed the Law of Attraction as its principal wealth generator, a concept generally regarded by much of the scientific community as placebo or pseudoscience.[43][44]

Media interviews

[edit]

Trudeau has been interviewed by CNN's Paula Zahn,[45] Matt Lauer of NBC's Today Show, and Harry Smith of CBS's The Early Show.[46] Trudeau was also the subject of investigative reports done by Inside Edition,[47] ABC's 20/20[48] and Dateline NBC.[49] The 20/20 segment highlighted a Nightline interview with Jake Tapper in which Trudeau misrepresented the money he was forced to pay to the government, the charges filed against him and the reason the government did not follow through with charges, and claiming ignorance when the claims made in his book were called false by Tapper.[48]

Infomercials

[edit]

At one time, Trudeau was a prolific producer of infomercials. He consented to an FTC ban applying to everything except publications that the FTC concluded would infringe upon his First Amendment rights. All of his subsequent infomercials advertised his books, Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You To Know About and The Weight Loss Cure. Notable co-hosts included Leigh Valentine (former wife of televangelist Robert Tilton)[50][51] and the late Tammy Faye Messner (the former Tammy Faye Bakker).[citation needed]

In 2010, he directed the infomercial/film Investigating Free Money, that featured Misha Dibono and Tyrone Evans Clark, which aired on Fox through the platform U.S. Farm Report.[52][53][54]

Pharmaceutical companies

[edit]

Trudeau offers a conspiracy theory, saying that the drug industry and the FDA work with each other to effectively deceive the public by banning all-natural cures in order to protect the profits of the drug industry. Trudeau says that FDA commissioners who leave the FDA to work for large drug companies are paid millions of dollars. In any other industry, according to Trudeau, this would be called "bribery," a "conflict of interest" or "payoffs." Trudeau also says in his infomercials that the food industry includes chemicals (such as MSG and aspartame) to get people "addicted to food" and to "make people obese."[55]

References to scientific studies

[edit]

One of the major complaints about Trudeau's infomercials is that he makes only vague references to scientific studies, making them impossible to cross-check for accuracy. The same criticism exists for the anecdotal evidence that he presents in the infomercials.[56] He does not identify people who he claims have been cured by his methods. For example, he tells a story in an infomercial about "a friend from England" who came to his house and complained of heartburn. He also references a study done on the antidepressant qualities of St. John's Wort compared to two prescription medications. These studies, the infomercials suggest, are identified in the book being advertised for sale, but none of his books provide any such substantiation. In an interview, he explained that he cannot reveal his source material because of "FTC suppression"; but readers can join his web site, where, for $9.99 a month or $499 for a lifetime, they can gain access to the special members-only section from which they can e-mail him for the information.[16]

Newspaper articles

[edit]

A pair of 2005 Associated Press articles by Candice Choi on the infomercials elaborated on the success and problems of the programs.[57]

Choi says that by repeatedly mentioning government sanctions against him, Trudeau "anticipated any backlash with his cuckoo conspiracy theory" and can partially deflect any criticism of him or his infomercials. Trudeau's use of the word "cure" is an issue for regulators. Also, bookstores are polled on their decisions to sell or not sell a successful and controversial self-published book.[citation needed]

Additional marketing ventures

[edit]

Audio tapes: "Mega Memory"

[edit]

Trudeau says he adapted techniques used to improve the memory of the blind and the mentally challenged to create Mega Memory and Advanced Mega Memory audio tapes. His promotion of memory-enhancing products was ended by the intervention of the Federal Trade Commission which alleged that the claims made by Trudeau were false and programs involved would not enable users to achieve a "photographic memory," as the advertising claimed.[58]

Trudeau used research that Dr. Michael Van Masters conducted with the State School for the Blind in Muskogee, Oklahoma, in 1975 as the basis of the Mega Memory products. Trudeau was selling automobiles at Neponset Lincoln Mercury in the Dorchester neighborhood of Boston in 1982 when he first met Van Masters. Shortly after meeting Van Masters, he joined the latter's business in Chicago.[citation needed]

Non-surgical facelift

[edit]

In addition to Natural Cures, Trudeau also hosted an infomercial that features the "Perfect Lift" non-surgical facelift. In the United Kingdom, this infomercial was found to violate the ITC advertising rules.[59]

In 2008, Trudeau began airing another infomercial, for a product called Firmalift, with Leigh Valentine.[citation needed]

Collaboration with Donald Barrett and ITV Direct

[edit]

On September 11, 2006, Donald Barrett and ITV Direct, a direct marketing company based in Beverly, Massachusetts, announced that they would work with Trudeau to market both of his Natural Cures books.[60] Trudeau also worked with ITV to create ITV Ventures, a new MLM group based out of ITV's home office.[61] As of December 2006, ITV Direct has pulled all information concerning both this relationship and Trudeau's books from its corporate website; however, the infomercials continued to run for several years thereafter.[citation needed]

International Pool Tour

[edit]
IPT Starship Stage for TV rounds and finals at North American Championship held in Las Vegas, Nevada, July 2006

In 2005, Trudeau founded the International Pool Tour (IPT). His goal was to transform billiards into a "major league" sport with aggressive promotion and the largest purses ever offered.[62] The initial three events in 2005 and early 2006 were successful, but at the fourth, the IPT World Open tournament in Reno, Nevada, promoters announced that they did not have sufficient funds on hand to cover the purse. Winners were assured that they would receive their prizes in small installments, but most were never paid. The Reno fiasco marked the demise not only of IPT but of professional pool competitions as a whole. As one commentator put it, "The pool hustler wasn't murdered by any single suspect, but the last man holding the knife was Kevin Trudeau."[63]

[edit]

In connection with his promotional activities he has had a felony conviction and has been an unsuccessful defendant in several US Federal Trade Commission lawsuits.[64][65][66][67][68] Trudeau has been charged several times by agencies of the United States government for making claims without evidence. In these cases, Trudeau signed a consent decree in which he did not plead guilty but did agree to stop making the claims and to pay a fine. Trudeau subsequently began to sell books, which are protected by the First Amendment.[48]

Trudeau was convicted of fraud and larceny in the early 1990s.[69] The FTC has sued him repeatedly and keeps an extensive record of its conflicts with him.[70] A court order currently restricts his ability to promote and sell any product or service; however, he is permitted to promote books and other publications due to free-speech protection under the First Amendment as long as they are not used to promote or sell products or services and do not contain misrepresentations.[20][21] On November 19, 2007, a court found Trudeau in contempt of that court order for making deceptive claims about his book The Weight Loss Cure "They" Don't Want You to Know About.[64][71] In August 2008, he was fined more than $5 million[72] and banned from infomercials for three years for continuing to make fraudulent claims pertaining to the book. The amount of the monetary damages was later increased to $37 million.[73]

1990–1991: Larceny and credit card fraud

[edit]

In 1990, Trudeau posed as a doctor in order to deposit $80,000 in false checks, and in 1991, he pleaded guilty to larceny. That same year, Trudeau faced federal charges of credit card fraud after he stole the names and Social Security numbers[1] of eleven customers of a mega memory product and charged $122,735.68 on their credit cards.[74] He spent two years in federal prison because of this conviction.[57] Later, in an interview, he explained his crimes as:

... youthful indiscretions and not as bad as they sound, and besides, both were partly the fault of other people, and besides, he has changed. The larceny he explains as a series of math errors compounded by the "mistake" of a bank official. As for why the bank thought he was a doctor, that was just a simple misunderstanding, because he jokingly referred to himself as a "doctor in memory". He still can't quite believe he was prosecuted for the larceny charges. "Give me a break," he says.[16]

1996: SEC and various states

[edit]

Trudeau began working for Nutrition For Life, a multi-level marketing program, in the mid-1990s. In 1996, his recruitment practices were cited by the states of Illinois and Michigan, as well as the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Illinois sued Trudeau and Jules Leib, his partner, accusing them of operating an illegal pyramid scheme. They settled with Illinois and seven other states for $185,000 after agreeing to change their tactics. Michigan forbade him from operating in the state.[16][17][18][19] A class action lawsuit was filed by stockholders of Nutrition for Life for violations of Texas law, including misrepresenting and/or omitting material information about Nutrition for Life International, Inc.'s business. In August 1997, the company paid $2 million in cash to common stockholders and holders of warrants during the class period to settle the case. The company also paid the plaintiffs' attorney fees of $600,000.[75]

1998: FTC fine

[edit]

In 1998, Trudeau was fined $500,000, the funds to be used for consumer redress by the FTC, relating to six infomercials he had produced and in which the FTC determined he had made false or misleading claims. These infomercials included "Hair Farming," "Mega Memory System," "Addiction Breaking System," "Action Reading," "Eden's Secret," and "Mega Reading."[58][76] The products included a "hair farming system" that was supposed to "finally end baldness in the human race," and "a breakthrough that in 60 seconds can eliminate" addictions, discovered when a certain "Dr. Callahan" was "studying quantum physics."[16][77]

2004: FTC contempt of court and injunction

[edit]

In June 2003, the FTC filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois against Trudeau and some of his companies (Shop America (USA), LLC; Shop America Marketing Group, LLC; and Trustar Global Media, Limited), alleging that disease-related claims for Coral Calcium Supreme were false and unsubstantiated. In July 2003, Trudeau entered into a stipulated preliminary injunction that prohibited him from continuing to make the challenged claims for Coral Calcium Supreme and Biotape.[citation needed]

In the summer of 2004, the court found Trudeau in contempt of court for violating the preliminary injunction, because he had sent out a direct mail piece and produced an infomercial making prohibited claims. The court ordered Trudeau to cease all marketing for coral calcium products.[citation needed]

In September 2004, Trudeau agreed to pay $2 million ($500,000 in cash plus transfer of residential property located in Ojai, California, and a luxury vehicle) to settle charges that he falsely claimed that a coral calcium product can cure cancer and other serious diseases and that a purported analgesic called Biotape can permanently cure or relieve severe pain. He also agreed to a lifetime ban on promoting products using infomercials, but excluded restrictions to promote his books via infomercials.[20][21][78] Trudeau was the only person ever banned by the FTC from selling a product via television.[29] Lydia Parnes, speaking for the FTC's Bureau of Consumer Protection stated: "This ban is meant to shut down an infomercial empire that has misled American consumers for years."[21] Trudeau claimed the government was trying to discredit his book because he was "exposing them."[29]

2005: Trudeau v. FTC

[edit]

On February 28, 2005, Trudeau filed a complaint against the FTC in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia seeking declaratory and injunctive relief. Trudeau also filed a motion for preliminary injunction, which the court denied.[79]

The complaint charged that the FTC had retaliated against him for his criticism of the agency by issuing a press release that falsely characterized and intentionally and deliberately misrepresented the 2004 Final Order. That conduct, Trudeau asserted, exceeded the FTC's authority under 15 U.S.C. § 46(f) and violated the First Amendment. The FTC responded with a motion to dismiss the complaint for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1), and for failure to state a claim for which relief can be granted under Rule 12(b)(6).[citation needed]

The district court granted the FTC's motion to dismiss. First, the court concluded that it lacked subject-matter jurisdiction because the press release was not "a 'final agency action'" under "section 704 of the [Administrative Procedure Act]", 5 U.S.C. § 704. Second, the court held, "in the alternative, that Trudeau's claims failed to state a viable cause of action as a matter of law."[79]

Trudeau later filed an appeal which was unsuccessful in reversing the court's ruling.[80]

2005: Trudeau v. New York Consumer Protection Board

[edit]

Trudeau filed a lawsuit on August 11, 2005, accusing the New York State Consumer Protection Board of violating his First Amendment rights by contacting television stations in New York state and urging them to pull Trudeau's infomercials promoting his book Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About.[81] Trudeau won a temporary restraining order on September 6, 2005, prohibiting the Board from sending letters to the television stations. The temporary restraining order was replaced by a preliminary injunction. However, Trudeau lost a motion to have the Board send a "corrective letter" to the television stations and subsequently dropped all claims for monetary damages. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled in favor of Kevin Trudeau, reversing the lower court’s decision. The appellate court held that the Consumer Protection Board’s actions, which included sending letters to media outlets urging them not to run Trudeau’s infomercials, constituted a violation of his First Amendment rights. The decision was issued in 2005.

2007: FTC contempt of court action

[edit]

The FTC filed a contempt of court action against Trudeau and the companies that market The Weight Loss Cure 'They' Don't Want You to Know About, alleging that Trudeau was in contempt of a 2004 court order by "deceptively claiming in his infomercials that the book being advertised establishes a weight-loss protocol that is 'easy' to follow." The action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois on September 17, 2007.[38] According to an FTC press release, Trudeau has claimed that the weight loss plan outlined in the book is easy, can be done at home, and readers can eat anything they want. When consumers buy the book, they find it describes a complex plan that requires intense dieting, daily injections of a prescribed drug that is not easily obtainable, and lifelong dietary restrictions.[39]

On November 19, 2007, Trudeau was found in contempt of the 2004 court order for "patently false" claims in his weight loss book. US District Court Judge Robert W. Gettleman ruled that Trudeau "clearly misrepresents in his advertisements the difficulty of the diet described in his book, and by doing so, he has misled thousands of consumers."[64][71][82] On August 7, 2008, Gettleman issued an order that Trudeau was not to appear in infomercials for any product in which he has any interest, for three years from the date of the order; and was to pay a penalty of $5,173,000, an estimate of the royalties received from the weight loss book.[83][84] On November 4, 2008, Gettleman amended the judgment to $37,616,161, the amount consumers paid in response to the deceptive infomercials. The court denied Trudeau's request to reconsider or stay this ruling on December 11 of the same year.[73]

Trudeau appealed the ruling to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit which upheld the contempt finding, but sent the case back to the lower court to explain the basis of the $37,616,161 damage finding and the three-year infomercial ban.[85] After the lower court justified the basis for the damage finding, and set a $2 million performance bond for future infomercial advertising, Trudeau again appealed to the Seventh Circuit, which affirmed the damage award on November 29, 2011.[86]

2010: Arrest on criminal contempt of court charge

[edit]

On February 11, 2010, Trudeau was arrested and appeared in U.S. District Court before Gettleman for criminal contempt of court after he "asked his supporters to email the federal judge overseeing a pending civil case brought against him by the Federal Trade Commission." He was forced to turn over his passport, pay a $50,000 bond and was warned he could face future prison time for interfering with the direct process of the court.[87] On February 17, Gettleman sentenced Trudeau to 30 days in jail and forfeiture of the $50,000 bond.[88] Psychiatrist Stephen Barrett, the creator of Quackwatch.org, "has for years labeled Trudeau a fraud" and was quoted: "He struck me as somebody who (believes he) is omnipotent. That is, no one can touch him," Barrett said. "That's almost been the case."[87] Trudeau appealed the ruling and on May 20 the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals granted his motion, dismissing the contempt citation.[89]

2011: Loss of appeal against $37.6 million fine

[edit]

On November 28, 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission issued warnings to companies selling human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) as weight loss products as the claims are unsupported.[90] The HCG diet was popularized by Trudeau's The Weight-Loss Cure "They" Don't Want You to Know About book in 2007.[90][91]

On November 29, 2011, Trudeau lost his 2010 appeal in the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals. The court found that the $37.6 million fine for violating his 2004 settlement with the Federal Trade Commission was appropriate as Trudeau had aired 32,000 infomercials and described the figure as "conservative."[5][6] The court considered sales only from the 800 number used to place orders and excluded internet and store sales.[5][6] Additionally, the court found that requiring Trudeau to make a $2 million performance bond prior to participating in an infomercial was constitutional.[5]

2013–2015: Additional contempt citations, asset concealment, imprisonment

[edit]

In September 2013, Judge Gettleman held Trudeau in civil contempt for violation of multiple court orders and failure to pay the $37 million fine assessed in 2010.[8] Noting that he continued to maintain a lavish lifestyle, despite insisting that he had been "completely wiped out" financially, Gettleman appointed a receiver to identify and catalog Trudeau's assets and holdings.[92][93] A month later Trudeau was arrested after refusing to cooperate with the receiver's investigation.[94] In November a jury found him in criminal contempt for repeated violations of his 2004 agreement as well as subsequent orders and plea deals.[95] Pending sentencing he was held without bail as a flight risk, and for continued failure to disclose hidden assets.[96][97]

In February 2014, the court-appointed receiver announced that a number of Trudeau's known assets, including a home in Ojai, California, would be auctioned, with proceeds to be applied toward unpaid fines and restitution.[98] The receiver also assumed control of Trudeau's Global Information Network (GIN), the Nevis-based "secret club" that had promised extraordinary "secrets to success". Court officials informed GIN members that the club's business model "likely amounted to an illegal pyramid scheme", and that its relentlessly publicized group of 30 billionaire financial advisors known as the "GIN Council" did not exist. GIN's remaining assets were later auctioned as well.[99]

In March 2014, Trudeau was sentenced to 10 years in prison, an "unusually lengthy" term for a contempt conviction.[100] Judge Ronald Guzman, "visibly irritated" by Trudeau's plea for leniency, described him as "deceitful to the core". "[Trudeau] has treated federal court orders as if they were mere suggestions ... or at most, impediments to be sidestepped, outmaneuvered or just ignored," Guzman said. "That type of conduct simply cannot stand."[101] Trudeau filed an appeal,[102] contending that (a) Gettleman erred in ruling that Trudeau's misrepresentations of the content of Free Money "They" Don't Want You to Know About was in contempt of the court's 2004 Order; (b) that the district court abused its discretion when it ordered him to pay compensatory damages of $37.6 million; and (c) further abused its discretion when it amended its 2004 Order to prohibit him from participating in infomercials promoting his books.[103] In February 2016, a federal appeals court found no basis to accept Trudeau's claims, and ruled that the 10-year sentence was reasonable, given "the size of Trudeau's fraud and the flagrant and repetitive nature of his contumacious conduct."[104]

Trudeau served most of his sentence at the Federal Prison Camp Montgomery in Alabama.[105] Later, he was transferred to a Chicago area "halfway house" program. He is still involved in publicity for his Global Information Network, which by one account is using some of the language of Scientology[106] to attract members. A group of his fans and followers maintain an active Facebook fan page for him, posting motivational words by or about him, soliciting donations for his "defense fund" and for his support once he is released from prison, and comparing his imprisonment to that of heroes and martyrs such as Nelson Mandela.[107]

In April 2014, Guzman ordered that royalties payable to Trudeau from continuing sales of his books—now owned by a California company called Free is My Favorite LLC, which purchased the rights from Trudeau—be forwarded to a government-controlled trust and used for fine and restitution payments. Infomercials for Free Money "They" Don't Want You to Know About, produced and marketed by Free is My Favorite LLC, continue to run on television stations throughout the United States.[107] In October 2015, Gettleman approved a partial refund of about $8 million to more than 820,000 people who bought The Weight Loss Cure "They" Don't Want You to Know About.[108]

2022–present: Release and continued government proceedings

[edit]

Trudeau left federal custody in 2022 after eight years, but the $37.6 million fine remained unpaid. The US government quickly moved to seize cash and other valuables that Trudeau may have hidden, including gold bars.[14][109][110] After failing to appear at a hearing, Trudeau was held in contempt of court.[111]

Other criticisms

[edit]

Medical experience

[edit]

One common criticism by consumer groups is that Trudeau has had no medical training. Trudeau responds that by not having such training, he is not biased toward pharmaceutical companies and the FDA, and that medical doctors "are taught only how to write out prescriptions" for "poisons" and "cut out pieces of a person's anatomy."[112]

Unsubstantiated claims

[edit]

Trudeau has been criticized for his inability to provide evidence to back up his claims. Although he recites anecdotes, he has never provided evidence evaluated by licensed medical practitioners. In instances where Trudeau has been asked to provide proof, he has misinterpreted medical studies or cited dubious or fictitious studies. For example, Trudeau cited a nonexistent 25-year research study involving a natural cure for diabetes at the University of Calgary.[113] When ABC News correspondent Jake Tapper confronted him on Nightline, Trudeau insisted that he had a copy of the study and would provide it; he never did.[29] He later claimed in his infomercials that the university destroyed its findings to prevent reprisals from the pharmaceutical industry. In 2006 University of Calgary officials announced in a public statement that none of Trudeau's claims about the university's research were true, and that its attorneys had sent Trudeau a "cease and desist" letter, demanding that he stop associating himself with the school.[31]

False endorsements

[edit]

In August 2005, the New York Consumer Protection Board warned consumers that Trudeau has used false claims of endorsements to promote his products, noting that the back cover of Natural Cures includes false endorsements. Further, the NYCPB states that Trudeau's television advertisements "give the false impression that Tammy Faye Messner opposes chemotherapy in favor of the 'natural cures' in Trudeau's book." A representative for Messner before her death from cancer said that was not true and that she was starting chemotherapy again.[22]

The back cover includes the following quotation from Dr. Herbert Ley, a former commissioner of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration who died three years before the book was written: "The thing that bugs me is that people think the FDA is protecting them. It isn't. What the FDA is doing and what people think it's doing are as different as night and day." The statement, extracted from a 1969 interview in The New York Times, was made in the context of Ley's resignation from his post as a result of numerous policy disputes.[114][115] Trudeau's lawyer, David J. Bradford, says that this quotation does not constitute a false endorsement of the book by Ley, but rather is merely a statement that is in line with the purpose of the book.[116]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Why My Son Went Bad; Trouble Began with Adoption, Self-help Guru Says". Boston Herald. September 26, 2005. Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved December 7, 2010. ...Kevin Trudeau, 42...
  2. ^ "Northern District of Illinois | Weight-Loss Infomercial Pitch-Man Kevin Trudeau Sentenced To 10 Years In Prison For Criminal Contempt | United States Department of Justice". www.justice.gov. July 23, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2024.
  3. ^ "Kevin Trudeau Banned from Infomercials For Three Years, Ordered to Pay More Than $5 Million for False Claims About Weight-Loss Book". ftc.gov. October 6, 2008.
  4. ^ "FTC v. Trudeau". Retrieved August 22, 2012.
  5. ^ a b c d Forward, Joe (November 30, 2011). "Infomercial guru must reimburse $37.6 million for misleading consumers". State Bar of Wisconsin. Archived from the original on December 5, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
  6. ^ a b c Baynes, Terry; Jonathan Stempel (November 29, 2011). "TV pitchman Trudeau loses appeal of $37.6 million fine". Reuters. Archived from the original on December 5, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
  7. ^ Coenen, Tracy (April 15, 2013). "Kevin Trudeau Bankruptcy Filing". Sequence, Inc. Archived from the original on June 30, 2013. Retrieved May 19, 2013.
  8. ^ a b Janssen, Kim (September 18, 2013). "Infomercial king Kevin Trudeau thrown in jail after lavish spending". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
  9. ^ "U.S. TV pitchman Trudeau found guilty of criminal contempt". Reuters India. November 22, 2013. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015.
  10. ^ "Kevin Trudeau sentenced to 10 years in criminal contempt case". ABC7 Chicago. Archived from the original on March 17, 2014. Retrieved January 29, 2020.
  11. ^ Meisner, Jason (March 7, 2014). "Kevin Trudeau sentenced to 10 years in prison". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. Retrieved February 7, 2020.
  12. ^ Stempel, Jonathan (February 5, 2016). "U.S. TV pitchman Kevin Trudeau loses appeal of conviction, sentence". Reuters. Retrieved December 15, 2019. (Kevin) Trudeau is incarcerated at a minimum security prison camp in Montgomery, Alabama. He is eligible for release in July 2022.
  13. ^ Meisner, Jason (April 28, 2014). "Prison doesn't keep pitchman off TV". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 19, 2015.
  14. ^ a b Goudie, Chuck; Weidner, Ross; Markoff, Barb; Tressel, Christine (November 18, 2022). "Chicago's weight-loss infomercial king back in legal trouble months after released from prison". ABC7 Chicago. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
  15. ^ Gell, Aaron (January 20, 2015). "'That's Not All!' Kevin Trudeau, The World's Greatest Salesman, Makes One Last Pitch". Business Insider. Retrieved April 2, 2023. Using his free time to investigate his roots, he discovered that his birth mother was Jewish.
  16. ^ a b c d e f Copeland, Libby (October 23, 2005). "Wait, There's More – Kevin Trudeau's 'Natural Cures,' Swallowed by Millions Without a Prescription". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  17. ^ a b Ryan's Sweeping Settlement With Trudeau Protects Consumers & Nets $185,000 For Eight States Cagey Consumer website[clarification needed] Archived January 11, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ a b "Assurance of Voluntary Compliance Dated 7/16/96 settlement agreement with Illinois re Trudeau litigation". SEC Info. July 31, 1996. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  19. ^ a b "Nutrition for Life's Distributor Charged in Pyramid Scheme". The Wall Street Journal. April 18, 1996. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2011 – via Cageyconsumer.com.
  20. ^ a b c 2004 Stipulated Final Order[clarification needed]
  21. ^ a b c d "Kevin Trudeau Banned from Infomercials", FTC press release, September 10, 2004
  22. ^ a b c "Consumer Agency Trashes Trudeau's 'Natural Cures' Book". New York State Consumer Protection Board. August 5, 2005. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved November 1, 2009.
  23. ^ a b Shapiro, R (2009). Suckers: How Alternative Medicine Makes Fools of Us All. Random House. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-09-952286-7.
  24. ^ a b c Wanjek, Christopher (July 25, 2006). "Revealing the Truth about Natural Cures". LiveScience. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  25. ^ Gerstein, Ted; Barakat, Zena; Arons, Melinda (January 13, 2006). "Is Infomercial King a Helper or Huckster?". ABC News. Retrieved December 22, 2023.
  26. ^ "Kevin Trudeau jailed for 10 years over weight-loss book claims". The Guardian. Associated Press. March 18, 2014. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved December 22, 2023.
  27. ^ a b Gell, Aaron (January 20, 2015). "'That's Not All!' Kevin Trudeau, The World's Greatest Salesman, Makes One Last Pitch". Business Insider. Retrieved December 22, 2023.
  28. ^ Meisner, Jason (January 26, 2023). "Ex-wife of TV pitchman Kevin Trudeau tells Chicago judge he had gold bars, says she's 'very scared' of him". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on January 29, 2023. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  29. ^ a b c d e Tapper, Jake (January 13, 2006). "Is Infomercial King a Helper or Huckster? Kevin Trudeau Courts Controversy Along with Great Success". Nightline. ABC News. Retrieved November 1, 2009.
  30. ^ Michael Shermer, "Cures and Cons: Natural scams "he" doesn't want you to know about," Scientific American, March 2006.
  31. ^ a b U of C refutes diabetes coverup (January 31, 2006). Calgary Herald Archived December 8, 2015, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
  32. ^ Barrett, Stephen (January 3, 2008). "Analysis of Kevin Trudeau's "Natural Cures" Infomercial (2004)". Quackwatch. Retrieved November 1, 2009.
  33. ^ "Author targeted for cure claims",Chicago Tribune, August 30, 2005,[1] Retrieved November 23, 2013
  34. ^ a b "More Natural "Cures" Revealed". GoodReads.com. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  35. ^ More Natural "Cures" Revealed by Kevin Trudeau. Amazon. January 2008. ISBN 978-0-9787851-3-0. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  36. ^ Fraser, L. "Ten Pounds in Ten Days: A Sampler of Diet Scams and Abuse". Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
  37. ^ Stein, M. R.; Julis, R. E.; Peck, C. C.; Hinshaw, W.; Sawicki, J. E.; Deller Jr, J. J. (1976). "Ineffectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin in weight reduction: A double-blind study" (PDF). The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 29 (9): 940–948. doi:10.1093/ajcn/29.9.940. PMID 786001.
  38. ^ a b "Federal Trade Commission, Plaintiff v. Kevin Trudeau, Shop America (USA) LLC, Shop America Marketing Group, LLC, Trustar Global Media, Limited, Robert Barefoot, Deonna Enterprises, Inc., and Karbo Enterprises, Inc., Defendants, and K.T. Corporation, Limited, and Trucom, LLC". Federal Trade Commission. January 15, 2009. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  39. ^ a b "FTC: Marketer Kevin Trudeau Violated Prior Court Order – Charges Him with Misrepresenting Contents of Book". Federal Trade Commission. September 14, 2007. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  40. ^ Jaffe, Chuck (October 30, 2007). "Shell-out game – Buying into this 'debt cure' is worse than the affliction". Market Watch. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  41. ^ Trudeau, Kevin (Host). (May 16, 2010).Your Wish is your Command[Informercial]. Toronto: CityTV
  42. ^ "Global Information Network". Global Information Network. Archived from the original on January 26, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  43. ^ Stenger, Victor J. (October 23, 2010). "Cosmic Mind" (PDF). University of Colorado. pp. 8–19. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2015. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  44. ^ The God Particle: If the Universe is the Answer, What is the Question – pages 189 to 198 by Leon Lederman with Dick Teresi (copyright 1993) Houghton Mifflin Company
  45. ^ "Transcript: Interview With Kevin Trudeau". Paula Zahn Now. CNN. October 13, 2005. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  46. ^ "Is Trudeau A Charlatan Or Healer?" – CBS News, The Early Show
  47. ^ "Inside Edition Show Archive for Oct 5, 2005". Insideedition.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  48. ^ a b c Stossel, J; Ruppel, G; Mastropolo, F (January 20, 2006). "King Con – Selling Questionable Cures? Bestselling Author Selling Questionable Cures to the Desperate and Gullible". ABC News. Retrieved November 1, 2009. (transcript)
  49. ^ Dateline NBC: From the Inside Out by John Larson
  50. ^ "The Resurrection of Robert Tilton". Trinityfi.org. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  51. ^ "Field Guide: Who's Who Digest of the Wild World of Religion". Isitso.org. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  52. ^ U.S. Farm Report : WBFF : December 25, 2011 4:00am-5:00am EST, WBFF, December 25, 2011, retrieved September 30, 2022{{citation}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  53. ^ Investigating Free Money, retrieved September 30, 2022
  54. ^ Denic, Biljana (April 13, 2021). "10 Cool Facts About Tyrone Evans Clark". DemotiX. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  55. ^ Trudeau, Kevin (2005). "5 Why We Are Sick". Natural Cures "They" Don't Want You to Know About. Alliance Publishing. ISBN 0-9755995-1-8.
  56. ^ Barrett, S (January 2006). "What 'They' Don't Want You to Know". Skeptical Inquirer. Vol. 30, no. 1. Archived from the original on May 5, 2016. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  57. ^ a b Choi, Candice (September 25, 2005). "No Sure Cure: Critics Lambaste Book About 'Natural Cures'". AP Newswire. Associated Press. Retrieved October 28, 2007. [dead link] Choi, Candace (October 4, 2005). "Natural Cures Book: Is It the Truth or Is It Quackery?". AP Newswire. Associated Press. Retrieved November 22, 2011.
  58. ^ a b "Infomercial Marketers Settle FTC Charges – Ad Claims For "Hair Farming," "Mega Memory System," "Addiction Breaking System," "Action Reading," "Eden's Secret," and "Mega Reading" Were Deceptive". Federal Trade Commission. January 13, 1998. Archived from the original on November 17, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  59. ^ "ITC Findings on face lift infomercial". Ofcom.org.uk. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  60. ^ Direct Marketing Leaders Donald Barrett and Kevin Trudeau Join Forces. Retrieved December 21, 2006. Archived February 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  61. ^ ITV Ventures Archived December 22, 2006, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved December 21, 2006.
  62. ^ "8-Ball Legends to Compete in World Championship Match". Las Vegas: azbilliards.com. July 21, 2005. Archived from the original on February 29, 2008. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  63. ^ L Jon Wertheim (November 24, 2007). "Jump the Shark". New York Times (op-ed). Retrieved November 24, 2007.
  64. ^ a b c "Federal Court Finds Kevin Trudeau in Civil Contempt". News Release. Federal Trade Commission. November 21, 2007. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  65. ^ "Federal Trade Commission, Plaintiff v. Kevin Trudeau, Shop America (USA) LLC, Shop America Marketing Group, LLC, Trustar Global Media, Limited, Robert Barefoot, Deonna Enterprises, Inc., and Karbo Enterprises, Inc., Defendants, and K.T. Corporation, Limited, and Trucom, LLC, Relief Defendants., United States District Court, Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division". Ftc.gov. January 15, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  66. ^ "Marketers of Coral Calcium Product Are Prohibited from Making Disease Treatment and Cure Claims in Advertising". Ftc.gov. November 19, 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  67. ^ "FTC v. Kevin Trudeau". Ftc.gov. November 18, 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  68. ^ "Tru-Vantage International, L.L.C. – Complaint". Ftc.gov. March 29, 2001. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  69. ^ "Brief in FTC v. Kevin Trudeau" (PDF). FTC. September 13, 2007. Retrieved December 28, 2024.
  70. ^ "FTC archives for their conflicts with Trudeau". Federal Trade Commission. Retrieved December 20, 2011.[permanent dead link]
  71. ^ a b "Memorandum Opinion and Order: Federal Trade Commission, Plaintiff v. Kevin Trudeau, et al." (PDF). United States District Court, Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. November 21, 2007.
  72. ^ Kevin Trudeau Banned from Infomercials For Three Years, Ordered to Pay More Than $5 Million for False Claims About Weight-Loss Book, Federal Trade Commission, October 6, 2008.[clarification needed]
  73. ^ a b "Judge Orders Kevin Trudeau to Pay More Than $37 Million for False Claims About Weight-Loss Book". Federal Trade Commission. January 15, 2009. Archived from the original on January 22, 2009. Retrieved January 24, 2009.
  74. ^ 1990 Indictment for Credit Card Fraud, filed in USDC District of Massachusetts[clarification needed]
  75. ^ "Case Summary: Nutrition for Life International, Inc. Securities Litigation", (September 15, 1997). Securities Class Action Clearinghouse, Stanford Law School. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  76. ^ "1997 Stipulated Order for Permanent Order for Permanent Injunction and Final Judgment Against Kevin Trudeau". Federal Trade Commission. January 13, 1998. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  77. ^ Dreher, C. (July 29, 2005). "What Kevin Trudeau doesn't want you to know". Salon.com. Archived from the original on September 6, 2011. Retrieved November 19, 2009.
  78. ^ Kevin Trudeau Banned from Infomercials – ConsumerAffairs.com, September 10, 2004
  79. ^ a b Barrett, Stephen. "Kevin Trudeau Document Index with links to relevant documents in Trudeau v. FTC". Casewatch. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  80. ^ Trudeau v. FTC (Appeal). Retrieved August 7, 2006.
  81. ^ Infomercial king sues New York regulators, Chicago Sun-Times, August 15, 2005 by Stephanie Zimmermann Archived August 28, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  82. ^ Rugaber, Christopher S. (November 19, 2007). "Court finds 'Natural Cures' author Trudeau in contempt of 2004 settlement, may be fined again". SignOnSanDiego. Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 10, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  83. ^ "Kevin Trudeau Banned from Infomercials For Three Years, Ordered to Pay More Than $5 Million for False Claims About Weight-Loss Book". News Release. Federal Trade Commission. October 6, 2008.
  84. ^ "Memorandum Opinion and Order: Federal Trade Commission v. Kevin Trudeau" (PDF). United States District Court, Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. August 7, 2008.
  85. ^ "FTC v. Kevin Trudeau" (PDF). August 27, 2009. Retrieved February 7, 2010.
  86. ^ "FTC v. Kevin Trudeau". November 29, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2011.
  87. ^ a b Korecki, Natasha (February 11, 2010). "Kevin Trudeau held in criminal contempt, facing jail time. Federal judge in Chicago acts after being flooded with emails prompted by the author-infomercial king". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on December 31, 2010.
  88. ^ Coen, Jeff (February 17, 2010). "Infomercial pitchman gets 30 days for e-mails to judge". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved February 17, 2010.
  89. ^ "Kevin Trudeau Off the Hook for Contempt Citation". Chicago Sun-Times. May 20, 2010. Archived from the original on December 31, 2010. Retrieved May 20, 2010.
  90. ^ a b Salisbury, Susan (December 9, 2011). "Feds orders HCG diet vendors to quit selling ineffective product". The Palm Beach Post. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
  91. ^ Oakes-Lottridge, Andy (December 12, 2011). "HCG supplementation isn't any good for weight loss". news-press.com. Retrieved December 15, 2011.[dead link]
  92. ^ Janssen, Kim (September 19, 2013). "Judge springs infomercial king Kevin Trudeau from jail—for now". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on February 14, 2014. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
  93. ^ "Kevin Trudeau jailed, then released, after spending $359 on two haircuts". The Christian Science Monitor. September 19, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
  94. ^ "TV pitchman pleads for mercy, jailed anyway". The Bismarck Tribune. October 22, 2013. Archived from the original on October 22, 2013. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  95. ^ Kirby, Adam (November 13, 2013). "U.S. TV pitchman Trudeau found guilty of criminal contempt". Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
  96. ^ Meisner, Jason (November 12, 2013). "TV pitchman Kevin Trudeau found guilty of contempt, ordered held". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
  97. ^ Janssen, Kim (November 21, 2013). "Kevin Trudeau already in jail, but 2nd judge slams cell door". Chicago Sun Times. Archived from the original on December 13, 2014. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
  98. ^ Janssen, Kim (February 27, 2014). "Infomercial king Kevin Trudeau's possessions to be auctioned". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on March 8, 2014.
  99. ^ Infamous infomercial king Kevin Trudeau's secret global club off the market, sold to highest bidders. KHSB.com archive Archived April 27, 2015, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 15, 2015.
  100. ^ Holland, Leslie (March 18, 2014). "Television pitchman Kevin Trudeau is headed to prison". CNN. Retrieved March 18, 2014.
  101. ^ Meisner, Jason (March 17, 2014). "TV pitchman Kevin Trudeau sentenced to 10 years in prison". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 19, 2015.
  102. ^ Infomercial Scammer Kevin Trudeau Appeals Conviction (September 10, 2014). Consumerist.com. Retrieved April 15, 2015.
  103. ^ FTC v. Trudeau appellate brief, retrieved December 8, 2015.
  104. ^ Stempel, J. (February 5, 2016). U.S. TV pitchman Kevin Trudeau loses appeal of conviction, sentence. Reuters.com, retrieved December 15, 2016.
  105. ^ Kevin Trudeau, inmate # 18046-036, Federal Bureau of Prisons, U.S. Dep't of Justice.
  106. ^ Ortega, Tony (January 22, 2021). "As Kevin Trudeau's prison stint nears end, his pitch sounds more like Scientology than ever". The Underground Bunker. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
  107. ^ a b Meisner, Jason (April 28, 2014). "Prison doesn't keep pitchman off TV, Convicted huckster maintains airtime and fans". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  108. ^ "Judge Approves Refunds For Buyers Of Kevin Trudeau's Diet Book". WBBM. October 8, 2015. Retrieved October 13, 2015.
  109. ^ Meisner, Jason (November 30, 2022). "Months after release from federal prison, TV pitchman Kevin Trudeau could face jail again". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
  110. ^ "Inmate Locator". www.bop.gov. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  111. ^ Grimm, Andy (January 27, 2023). "Judge finds convicted TV pitchman Kevin Trudeau in contempt for failing to report to court". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
  112. ^ (Natural Cures, Chapter 1 – "I Should Be Dead by Now")[clarification needed]
  113. ^ "The Gauntlet News – Firm claims diabetes cure". thegauntlet.ca. Archived from the original on August 13, 2011.
  114. ^ Jennifer Ross-Nazzal. "From Farm to Fork": How Space Food Standards Impacted the Food Industry and Changed Food Safety Standards page 226. NASA History Division. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
  115. ^ Richard D. Lyons (December 31, 1969). Ousted F.D.A. Chief Charges 'Pressure' From Drug Industry . The New York Times. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
  116. ^ Best-seller 'Natural Cures' sparks court battleBob Sullivan, NBC News, August 22, 2005

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]